Five effects
Five Effects
Catalyzes more than 95% of the energy required for life activities
Catalyzes more than 95% of the energy required for life activities
The mitochondria in human cells are the cell’s power plant. Coenzyme I in the mitochondria is important for metabolism of aerobic oxidizing tricarboxylic acid to ATP molecule. It acts as a hydrogen ion receptor and transfers hydrogen ions to oxygen, so that the body can obtain The three major types of nutrients, sugar, fat and protein, are converted into energy and other metabolic activities required by the human body through the TCA cycle.
Repair genes (DNA)
Repair genes (DNA)
Coenzyme I (NAD+) is consumed as a substrate to generate gene-repairing enzyme PARP1, it restores activity of PARP1 bounded and inactivated by protein DBC1, and repair genes by recoding damaged genes according to normal gene sequence.
Anti-aging
Anti-aging
Coenzyme I (NAD+) sustains the inetercellar communication between nucleus and mitochondria. The miscommunication will cause mitochondria dysfunction, known as one of the hallmarks of aging of cells. In addition, Coenzyme I is consumed as the only substrate to produce histone deacetylation enzymes Sirtuins. Sirtuins are anti-aging proteins, which can eliminate the increasing epigenetic noise during cell metabolism, sustain expression of mitochondrially encoded genes, maintain function of cells, and slow down cell aging process.
Maintain the regeneration ability of capillaries
Maintain the regeneration ability of capillaries
During exercise, muscle cells release growth factors that later received by capillary epidermal cells to accelerate muscle growth. The whole process relies on Sirtuin 1 the DNA-repairing protein generated by coenzyme I. In the aging process of human life, with the decline of coenzyme I, the less effective the exercise stimulates muscle growth.
Alcohol metabolism
Alcohol metabolism
Alcohol metabolism consists of two steps. First, it is converted to toxic acetaldehyde, and then degraded to harmless acetic acid. Both steps need the catalysis of Coenzyme I.
